巴赫 - 受难曲和清唱剧 BWV 244-249_Bach: Passions Oratorios
佚名 网络根据巴赫治丧委员会的讣闻,巴赫一生共写作了五首受难曲,他在自己所写的信件中,也说过曾写过五部受难曲。受难曲是为纪念耶酥被钉十字架而写的大型套曲。其中,如果主要词句是按照《圣经》中《马太福音》的记载而作的,就叫《马太受难曲》;按《约翰福音》的记载而作的,就叫《约翰受难曲》。根据文献记录,巴赫虽曾作过五部受难曲,但至今仍被保存的只有两部,即《圣马太受难曲》和《圣约翰受难曲》。从1950年莱比锡所编目录看,另记有两部:BWV246为《圣路克受难曲》,BWV247为《圣马可受难曲》,另一部在编目录时不详。
清唱剧在巴赫的时代也被称为“神剧”,因为那时的清唱剧几乎毫无例外,总是以基督教的《圣经》故事为内容的。
受难曲和清唱剧 Passions and oratorios (244–249)
- BWV 244 马太受难曲 St Matthew Passion (Matthäus-Passion)
- BWV 244a – Trauermusik Klagt, Kinder, klagt es aller Welt, BWV 244a (lost funeral cantata for Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cöthen)
- BWV 244b – Matthäus-Passion (earlier version)
- BWV 245 约翰受难曲 St John Passion (Johannes-Passion)
- BWV 245a – Himmel reiße, Welt erbebe (aria from the 2nd version of the St John Passion)
- BWV 245b – Zerschmettert mich, ihr Felsen und ihr Hügel (aria from the 2nd version of the St John Passion)
- BWV 245c – Ach, windet euch nicht so, geplagte Seelen (aria from the 2nd version of the St John Passion)
- BWV 246 路加受难曲 St Luke Passion (Lukas-Passion) (spurious, author unknown)
- BWV 247 – St Mark Passion (Markus-Passion) (libretto is extant, but much of the music lost, but has been reconstructed)
- BWV 248 圣诞节清唱剧 Christmas Oratorio (Weihnachts-Oratorium)
- BWV 249 复活节清唱剧 Easter Oratorio (Oster-Oratorium)
- BWV 11 – Ascension Oratorio (Himmelfahrts-Oratorium)